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Acid reflux, often known as gastroesophageal reflux (GER), is a common condition where stomach acid flows back in to the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort. This condition can range from mild to severe and is often referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) when it becomes chronic.
Causes of Acid Reflux
The primary cause of acid reflux is a malfunction of the bottom esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring of muscle at the end of the esophagus that acts as a valve. In many instances, the LES opens to allow food in to the stomach and closes to avoid acid from escaping. However, should the LES is weak or relaxes inappropriately, stomach acid can backflow in to the esophagus.
Several factors can contribute to the weakening of the LES, including obesity, smoking, pregnancy, and certain foods and beverages such as spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol. As well, eating large meals or lying down just after eating can increase the risk of acid reflux.
Symptoms of Acid Reflux
The most typical symptom of acid reflux is heartburn, a burning sensation within the chest that may extend to the neck and throat. Other symptoms include regurgitation of food or sour liquid, difficulty swallowing, chronic cough, laryngitis, as well as the feeling of a lump within the throat. In severe cases, it may result in inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis), which will result in bleeding or ulcers.
Managing Acid Reflux
Managing acid reflux often involves lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications. Here are several effective strategies:
Dietary Adjustments: Avoid foods and beverages that trigger reflux. Eating smaller, more frequent meals instead of large meals may also help.
Weight Management: Losing weight if overweight can reduce pressure on the stomach and LES.
Elevate the Head During Sleep: Raising the head of the bed by 6-8 inches can prevent acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep.
Medications: Antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can reduce stomach acid production and provide relief.
Avoid Smoking and Alcohol: Both can weaken the LES and increase acid reflux symptoms.
In cases where lifestyle changes and view hawkee.com medications do not provide sufficient relief, surgical options such as fundoplication may be considered.Acid reflux is a manageable condition with proper lifestyle adjustments and medical treatment. If you experience frequent or severe symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider to develop a highly effective management plan and stop complications.
